Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is a modern and minimally invasive surgical method used in the treatment of Chronic Sinusitis and other sinus diseases. This advanced technique provides direct access to the sinuses with the help of special endoscopic cameras, without making any external incisions on the nose. Unlike traditional open surgeries, it allows patients to recover faster and return to their daily lives more quickly.
What Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?
Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is a surgical technique performed by inserting a thin, lighted telescope (endoscope) into the sinuses. With this method, the surgeon directly visualizes the sinuses through the endoscope and performs the necessary interventions using special instruments. Since no external incision is made on the nose, no surgical scars form on the face, and the entire procedure is performed through the nasal passages.
ESS is especially preferred in patients with chronic sinusitis who do not respond to medical treatment. Sinusitis is a common condition caused by inflammation of the mucosal tissue lining the inner surface of the sinuses. This condition, which may develop due to bacterial, viral, or allergic causes, can become chronic if not treated appropriately and can significantly reduce quality of life.
This surgical method may be recommended in the following conditions:
- Chronic sinusitis (sinusitis lasting at least 12 weeks)
- Recurrent acute sinusitis attacks
- Nasal polyps (excessive growth of intranasal tissue)
- Sinus obstructions and structural anomalies
- Fungal sinusitis
- Olfactory disorders
- Diseases related to the eye socket, nasolacrimal duct, and skull base
- Certain tumoral formations
Before endoscopic sinus surgery, patients undergo a detailed examination. A computed tomography (CT) scan is usually required to evaluate the structure of the sinuses and the extent of the disease. This imaging method helps the surgeon plan the operation preoperatively and determine the treatment strategy.
The aim of ESS is to eliminate obstructions in the sinuses, remove inflamed tissues, and ensure normal ventilation and drainage of the sinuses. In this way, chronic sinusitis symptoms are relieved and patients’ quality of life improves. The surgical intervention targets only diseased tissues while preserving healthy sinus mucosa as much as possible.
Techniques Used in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
In endoscopic sinus surgery, various techniques may be applied depending on the patient’s condition and the type of sinus problem. This operation is usually performed under general anesthesia, but some limited cases may also be carried out under local anesthesia. The duration of surgery may vary between 45 minutes and 3 hours depending on the extent of the intervention.
The surgeon reaches the sinuses through the nasal passages with the help of an endoscope and performs the necessary procedures using special micro-instruments. In modern ESS techniques, image-guided navigation systems may be used. These systems allow the surgeon to work more safely and precisely in the deeper areas of the sinuses, especially in complex cases or in patients who have previously undergone surgery.
During ESS, modern devices such as cold saline solution, ice application, and microdebriders are used to control bleeding and reduce trauma to tissues. The precise surgical techniques applied in our clinic minimize postoperative swelling and bruising and provide a more comfortable recovery process for the patient.
At the end of the operation, special materials may be placed to control bleeding in the sinuses and support tissue healing. Absorbable packing materials used today increase patient comfort compared to traditional nasal packs and eliminate the need for pack removal.
Recovery Process After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
The recovery process after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is faster and more comfortable compared to classical open sinus surgeries. Patients can usually be discharged on the same day or the following day. In the first few days after surgery, mild nasal bleeding, nasal congestion, and headache may occur, but these symptoms generally subside in a short time.
Postoperative care is extremely important for a successful outcome. Patients are advised to perform regular nasal cleansing using nasal irrigation solutions. This process accelerates healing and reduces the risk of infection by removing clots and secretions. In addition, regular use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications prescribed by the physician supports the healing process.
During the first week after surgery, patients should avoid heavy physical activities and situations where the nose may be exposed to trauma. Forceful nose blowing should be avoided; if necessary, gentle nasal cleaning should be performed. Smoking must be stopped, as it delays healing and increases the risk of infection.
The first postoperative follow-up is usually performed within 1 week. During this visit, clots and crusts inside the nose are cleaned if necessary, and the healing process is evaluated. Most patients can return to their normal daily activities 1–2 weeks after surgery; however, complete recovery may take 4–6 weeks.
The success rate of endoscopic sinus surgery is quite high. The vast majority of patients experience significant improvement in sinusitis symptoms after surgery. Complaints such as nasal congestion, facial pain, headache, and chronic discharge decrease markedly. The sense of smell also improves in most patients.
As Dr. İbrahim Korhan, I aim to provide our patients with the most comfortable and effective treatment by using advanced technological equipment and up-to-date surgical techniques in endoscopic sinus surgery. By evaluating each patient’s individual needs, we create personalized treatment plans. Our goal is to help patients get rid of sinusitis-related discomfort and improve their quality of life to the highest level.
After completing my residency at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Ege University Faculty of Medicine, I have been providing services in my own private clinic since 2020, following the experience I gained in public and private healthcare institutions.